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Flash Cards: LAWS OF MOTION

This chapter explores the foundational laws governing motion, focusing on how forces affect the movement of objects, which is crucial for understanding physics.

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LAWS OF MOTION - Flash Cards

These flash cards cover important concepts from LAWS OF MOTION in Physics Part - I for Class 11 (Physics).

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What is a force?

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A force is a push or pull acting on an object, requiring an external agency to cause motion or change in motion.

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What does inertia mean?

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Inertia is the tendency of an object to resist changes to its state of motion; a body stays at rest or in uniform motion unless acted upon by an external force.

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3/20

What does Newton's First Law state?

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Each body remains at rest or in uniform motion in a straight line unless acted upon by an external force.

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4/20

What is Aristotle’s view on motion?

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Aristotle believed an external force is necessary to keep a body in motion, which is incorrect according to modern physics.

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What is acceleration?

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Acceleration is the rate of change of velocity of an object, resulting from net external forces acting on it.

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What is net force?

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Net force is the total vector sum of all the forces acting on an object; it determines the object's acceleration.

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Define momentum.

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Momentum (p) is the product of an object's mass (m) and its velocity (v): p = mv.

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What does Newton's Second Law express?

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Newton's Second Law states that force (F) is equal to mass (m) times acceleration (a): F = ma.

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What is the SI unit of force?

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The SI unit of force is the newton (N), defined as the force that gives a mass of 1 kg an acceleration of 1 m/s².

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What does Newton's Third Law state?

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For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction; forces always come in pairs acting on different bodies.

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What role does friction play in motion?

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Friction opposes the motion of objects, requiring an external force to maintain uniform motion on surfaces.

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Give an example of uniform motion.

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A spaceship traveling in the vacuum of space at a constant speed is an example of uniform motion with no net external forces.

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What is acceleration due to gravity?

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On Earth, the acceleration due to gravity (g) is approximately 9.81 m/s², acting downward on all objects.

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How does mass affect motion?

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Greater mass results in less acceleration for the same force; heavier objects require more force to change their state of motion.

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What is the difference between ideal and real conditions?

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In ideal conditions (e.g., without friction), objects can maintain uniform motion, unlike real conditions where forces like friction act against motion.

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What are impulsive forces?

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Impulsive forces are large forces acting over a short time period, causing significant changes in momentum.

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What is a common misconception about motion?

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A common misconception is that an object in motion needs a constant force applied to keep moving, which is incorrect without external opposing forces.

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Provide an application of the law of inertia.

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A passenger lunging forward in a car that suddenly stops illustrates inertia; they continue moving due to their body's resistance to change.

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What is the difference between velocity and acceleration?

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Velocity is the speed of an object in a given direction, while acceleration is the rate at which velocity changes over time.

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How are acceleration and force related?

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Acceleration is directly proportional to the net force acting on an object and inversely proportional to its mass, as per Newton's Second Law.