This chapter focuses on understanding the motion of objects moving in a straight line, introducing key concepts of velocity, acceleration, and kinematic equations.
MOTION IN A STRAIGHT LINE – Formula & Equation Sheet
Essential formulas and equations from Physics Part - I, tailored for Class 11 in Physics.
This one-pager compiles key formulas and equations from the MOTION IN A STRAIGHT LINE chapter of Physics Part - I. Ideal for exam prep, quick reference, and solving time-bound numerical problems accurately.
Key concepts & formulas
Essential formulas, key terms, and important concepts for quick reference and revision.
Formulas
v = v₀ + at
v is the final velocity (m/s), v₀ is the initial velocity (m/s), a is acceleration (m/s²), and t is time (s). This equation relates velocity and acceleration over time.
x = v₀t + (1/2)at²
x is the displacement (m), v₀ is the initial velocity (m/s), a is acceleration (m/s²), and t is time (s). This equation gives displacement under uniform acceleration.
v² = v₀² + 2ax
v is final velocity (m/s), v₀ is initial velocity (m/s), a is acceleration (m/s²), and x is displacement (m). This relates velocities and displacement in uniformly accelerated motion.
a = (v - v₀) / t
a is average acceleration (m/s²), v is final velocity (m/s), v₀ is initial velocity (m/s), and t is time interval (s). This defines average acceleration in terms of velocity change.
v = dx/dt
v is instantaneous velocity (m/s), dx is change in position (m), and dt is change in time (s). This defines instantaneous velocity as the rate of change of position.
a = dv/dt
a is instantaneous acceleration (m/s²), dv is change in velocity (m/s), and dt is change in time (s). This defines instantaneous acceleration as the rate of change of velocity.
s = ut + (1/2)at²
s is distance (m), u is initial velocity (m/s), a is acceleration (m/s²), and t is time (s). This calculates distance for uniformly accelerated motion.
s = (v + v₀) / 2 * t
s is distance traveled (m), v is final velocity (m/s), v₀ is initial velocity (m/s), and t is time (s). This computes distance using average velocity.
s = vt - (1/2)gt²
s is displacement (m), v is initial upwards velocity (m/s), g is acceleration due to gravity (approx. 9.8 m/s²), and t is time (s). This calculates vertical motion under gravity.
t = √(2h/g)
t is the time of free fall (s), h is height (m), and g is acceleration due to gravity (approx. 9.8 m/s²). This gives time taken to fall from a height h.
Equations
x = x₀ + v₀t + (1/2)at²
x is final position (m), x₀ is initial position (m), v₀ is initial velocity (m/s), a is acceleration (m/s²), and t is time (s). This generalizes the position formula for any initial position.
v = v₀ + at
Describes how velocity changes with time under constant acceleration.
Δx = vt - 1/2(at²)
Δx is displacement, calculated from velocity over time and considering acceleration's effect.
t = (v - v₀)/a
Calculate time if initial velocity, final velocity, and acceleration are known.
v_f = v_i + aΔt
v_f is final velocity; v_i is initial velocity; a is constant acceleration; Δt is change in time.
F = ma
F is force (N), m is mass (kg), a is acceleration (m/s²). Newton's second law relating force and motion.
s = ut + 1/2at²
Same as previous, used when motion starts with an initial speed.
x(t) = x_0 + v_0 * t + (1/2) * a * t²
Position as a function of time incorporating initial position, velocity, and acceleration.
V_avg = Total displacement / Total time
Average velocity represented as a ratio of total displacement to time taken.
h(t) = h_0 - (1/2)gt²
h is the height of an object in free fall from height h_0, g = 9.8 m/s².
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