स्वराः (vowels) are the sounds in Sanskrit that can be open and longer in duration, represented by अ, आ, इ, ई, उ, ऊ, ऋ, ए, ऐ, ओ, औ.

व्यञ्जनानि (consonants) are the sounds in Sanskrit that cannot stand alone, like क, ख, ग, घ, etc.

समानाक्षर-सवराः are vowels that do not change their form when combined with consonants.

सन्ध्यक्षर-सवराः are vowels formed by the combination of letters involving 2 different vowels.

An example is क्य (kya) where 'क' and 'य' combine to form a single sound.

अनुस्वारः (anusvara) is represented by 'ं' and is used to indicate a nasal sound.

अयोगवाहः refers to consonants which do not combine with vowels to make a separate syllable.

They refer to classes or categories of consonants in Sanskrit based on their articulation.

The vowels are: अ, आ, इ, ई, उ, ऊ, ऋ, ए, ऐ, ओ, औ.

दीरवाणः refers to long vowels in Sanskrit pronunciation.

ह्रसवः (short vowels) are pronounced quickly, while दीरवाणः (long vowels) are held longer in pronunciation.

When combining vowels, the first vowel's sound is typically predominant.

'अधण-सवराः' are lower vowels in terms of articulation in the mouth.

वरणमाला is the complete set of vowels and consonants that form the basis for reading and writing in Sanskrit.

There are five classes of व्यञ्जनानि in Sanskrit.

वयञ्जन-वराणः are the combined forms of consonants and vowels to create syllables.

उचय्य॒ी helps in understanding the intonation and pronunciation patterns in Sanskrit.

वाक्य is formed by combining nouns, verbs, and adjectives following specific grammatical rules.

'उचचवाररं' refers to the correct pronunciation and articulation of sounds.