Democracy is defined as 'rule of the people', where the people have the power to elect representatives to govern them.

The three functions are legislative (creating laws), executive (implementing laws), and judicial (ensuring laws are followed).

Types of government include democracy, monarchy, theocracy, and authoritarian regimes.

In a democracy, officials are elected by the people, while in a monarchy, the government is led by a king or queen from a royal family.

The duties are rakṣha (protection), pālana (maintenance of law and order), and yogakṣhema (welfare of the people).

The legislative function involves creating and enacting laws that govern society.

The executive function is responsible for implementing laws and managing day-to-day governance.

The judicial function ensures that laws are interpreted and applied fairly and resolves disputes.

A theocracy is a form of government where religious leaders control the government based on religious laws.

Monarchy is a government ruled by a single person, a king or queen, usually inherited through family lineage.

A government in a democracy is formed through elections where citizens vote to elect their representatives.

Fundamental principles include equality, freedom, and representative participation in governance.

Universal adult franchise is the right of all adults to vote in elections, ensuring broad participation in democracy.

The government maintains law and order, provides services like education and healthcare, and works for people’s welfare.

Lincoln defined democracy as a 'government of the people, by the people, for the people.'

Equality in democracy means every person has equal rights and access to resources like education and healthcare.

A common misconception is that all democracies function exactly the same, while they can vary widely in practice.

Governments aim to create equality, ensure security, and promote welfare among its citizens.

In direct democracy, citizens vote directly on laws; in indirect democracy, they elect representatives to make decisions.