Flash Cards: FEDERALISM

Federalism is a system of governance that divides power between a central authority and constituent political units, allowing each level of government certain autonomous powers.

The Union List comprises subjects on which only the central government can legislate, including defense, foreign affairs, and atomic energy.

The Concurrent List contains subjects on which both the central and state governments can legislate, such as education and forest management.

'Unity in Diversity' reflects India's ability to maintain national integrity while respecting its diverse cultures, languages, and religions.

Mysore was renamed Karnataka to reflect the local identity and cultural sentiments of its people.

The independent judiciary resolves disputes between central and state governments regarding the division of powers, ensuring adherence to the Constitution.

In some federations, dual citizenship allows individuals to hold citizenship in both the central and regional governments. India practices single citizenship.

Indian federalism emphasizes a single citizenship, contrasting with other federations that allow dual citizenship.

The 7th Schedule outlines the distribution of powers between the Union and State legislatures, detailing the Union, State, and Concurrent Lists.

Conflicts are managed through judicial review and mediation, ensuring the Constitution is upheld and disputes are resolved lawfully.

Nigeria's federalism faces challenges due to ethnic and religious conflicts, complicating governance and resource sharing.

Weak central authority and lack of cooperation among member states resulted in the dissolution of the West Indies Federation in 1962.

Centre-state relations refer to the dynamic interactions and administrative relationships between the central government and state governments in a federation.

A federal constitution is a written document that lays down the distribution of powers between different levels of government, establishing the framework for governance.

The USSR broke up into independent countries due to excessive centralization and dominance of one region over others.

Local identities (e.g., regional languages, cultures) are recognized and respected within the federal framework, promoting inclusivity and representation.

The 7th Schedule comprises three lists: the Union List, the State List, and the Concurrent List.

Overlapping federalism occurs when the powers and responsibilities of federal and state governments cover similar areas, leading to potential conflicts.