Flash Cards: Recent Innovations in Biotechnology

A field of science that involves the use of living organisms or their systems to develop products, improve plants, and create new technologies.

Genetically modified crops are plants that have been altered using genetic engineering techniques to exhibit desired traits like pest resistance or increased yield.

Fuels produced from biological materials, such as plant or animal waste, that can replace fossil fuels and reduce greenhouse gas emissions.

A chemical process that converts vegetable oils or animal fats into biodiesel by reacting them with an alcohol in the presence of a catalyst.

Polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB), produced by microbial fermentation of sugars, is an example of a biodegradable plastic.

A genome editing technology that allows scientists to alter DNA sequences and modify gene function easily and precisely.

Autograft involves transplanting tissue within the same individual, while Allograft involves transplanting tissue from one individual to another of the same species.

The application of nanotechnology in the field of biology, particularly for the development of materials and tools for medicine and therapy.

Miniaturized and simplified versions of organs produced in vitro that replicate some functions of real organs.

It allows for the development of crops with enhanced traits such as disease resistance, drought tolerance, and improved nutritional profiles.

Microalgae are used in biofuel production and bioremediation due to their fast growth and ability to consume CO2 and nutrients.

A set of methods to increase the amount of crude oil that can be extracted from an oil field, often using microbial techniques.

An interdisciplinary field that combines biology and engineering to design and construct new biological parts, devices, and systems.

These genetically engineered crops are tolerant to the herbicide glyphosate, allowing farmers to control weeds without harming the crops.

Ethanol, derived from fermentation of sugars, can be blended with gasoline to create a cleaner burning fuel alternative.

A transplant of organs or tissues from one species to another, such as pig valves used in humans.

Off-target effects, where unintended parts of the genome are modified, poses a major challenge to the safe application of CRISPR.

Nanoparticles can be used for targeted drug delivery systems, improving drug efficacy and minimizing side effects.