Flash Cards: Plant Tissue Culture

Plant Tissue Culture (PTC) is the cultivation of undifferentiated plant cells, tissues, or organs on synthetic media under aseptic conditions.

Totipotency is the ability of a plant cell to divide and differentiate into any type of specialized cell or regenerate into a whole plant.

Synthetic media are nutrient solutions used to support the growth of plant cells or tissues in vitro.

Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium is a widely used artificial culture medium for plant tissue culture, formulated in 1962.

Callus culture is the growth of unorganized cell masses (callus) from plant tissues, often used for regeneration.

Auxins promote root formation, while cytokinins stimulate shoot formation in plant tissue culture.

Indole Acetic Acid (IAA) is the first discovered plant growth hormone and an important auxin for plant development.

Coconut water stimulates the development of young embryos and enhances growth in plant tissue culture.

Vitamins act as growth supplements for plant tissue cultures, enhancing cellular growth and development.

Somatic hybridization involves the fusion of protoplasts from different plant species to create hybrids.

In vitro fertilization is a technique where fertilization occurs outside the plant, often in tissue culture.

Plant Tissue Culture is used for mass propagation, genetic modification, and production of disease-free plants.

Advantages include faster propagation, disease-free plants, and the ability to produce specific traits.

Explants are small pieces of plant tissue used to initiate cultures in plant tissue culture.

The morphogenic fate is influenced by the balance of auxins and cytokinins in the culture medium.

A common mistake is inadequate sterilization, which can lead to contamination in cultures.

Somaclonal variation refers to genetic variations that occur in plants regenerated from tissue culture.

1962 is notable for the formulation of Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium, revolutionizing PTC.