Globalisation is a chapter in the CBSE Class 12 Political Science syllabus from Contemporary World Politics. This chapter hub brings together revision notes, practice questions, worksheets, flashcards to help students learn, practice, and revise Globalisation effectively.

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Globalisation

NCERT Class 12 Political Science Chapter 7: Globalisation (Pages 99–111)

Class 12 CBSE hub Political Science chapters Contemporary World Politics

Globalisation at a Glance

Board

CBSE

Class

Class 12

Subject

Political Science

Book

Contemporary World Politics

Chapter

Pages

99–111

Resources

6 study resources

Globalisation Revision Guide

Download the Globalisation revision guide with key points, summaries, and quick revision notes for CBSE Class 12 Political Science.

Key Points

Define Globalisation.

Globalisation involves the interconnectedness of economies, cultures, and societies globally, facilitated by trade, technology, and communication.

Identify core elements of Globalisation.

Core elements include movement of ideas, goods, services, capital, and people across borders, leading to a more integrated world.

Causes of Globalisation include technology.

Technological advances such as the internet, telecommunications, and transportation have significantly enhanced global interactions.

Globalisation affects Sovereignty.

Many states experience erosion of control over economic policies due to the influence of multinational corporations and global markets.

Political consequences of Globalisation.

Globalisation can diminish state authority while enhancing technological capabilities for governance and surveillance.

Economic Globalisation involves key institutions.

Institutions like the IMF and WTO regulate global economic policies, impacting trade and capital flow, which may favor wealthier nations.

Understanding Economic Gains in Globalisation.

Economic benefits from globalisation are unevenly distributed; some gain significantly while others, especially the poor, may suffer.

Cultural Homogenisation is a concern.

Critics argue that globalisation leads to the dominance of a Western culture, threatening local traditions and diversity.

Cultural Heterogenisation.

Despite homogenisation, globalisation often results in unique cultural blends, exemplifying that cultures can adapt and innovate.

Globalisation's impact on India.

India's integration into the global market post-1991 has led to economic growth but also socio-economic disparities.

Resistance to Globalisation.

Movements across the globe contest globalisation's effects, advocating for greater emphasis on social justice and environmental sustainability.

Social Movements in India.

Various social movements, including farmer protests and labor unions, challenge the negative impacts of international economic policies on local communities.

Importance of Multinational Corporations.

MNCs drive economic globalisation and are often criticized for prioritizing profits over local welfare and labor rights.

Benefits of economic reforms in India.

Reforms have led to increased foreign investment, technological advancements, and improved employment opportunities in various sectors.

Globalisation vs. Protectionism.

While globalisation advocates for free markets, protectionism seeks to safeguard local industries from international competition.

Impact on Local Economies.

Globalisation can adversely affect local businesses and crafts, leading to job losses in small-scale industries due to competition.

Role of Global Institutions.

International bodies like the UN and IMF shape global policies but face scrutiny regarding their influence on national sovereignty.

Interdependence in Globalisation.

Globalisation fosters interdependence among nations, highlighting the importance of international cooperation to address global issues.

Environmental concerns in Globalisation.

Economic growth from globalisation often leads to environmental degradation; sustainable practices are increasingly advocated.

Globalisation's future considerations.

The ongoing debate examines balancing global market integration with social justice, cultural preservation, and environmental care.

Globalisation Practice Questions & Answers

Practice important questions and exam-style problems from Globalisation. These questions cover key topics from the CBSE Class 12 Political Science syllabus.

How to practice: Start with the questions below to test your understanding of Globalisation. Use the revision guide to review concepts you find difficult, then come back and retry the questions for better retention.

Which factor is primarily responsible for the increased speed of globalisation in contemporary times?

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What is a misconception about globalisation?

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Which historical development significantly influenced the rise of globalisation?

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How did improved communication technologies contribute to globalisation?

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Which of the following is NOT a cause of globalisation?

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Which statement best captures one dimension of globalisation?

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Which event exemplifies the global consequences of local issues in the context of globalisation?

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Why is technology considered a critical element in the process of globalisation?

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View all 98 Globalisation questions

What role do multinational corporations (MNCs) play in globalisation?

Which of the following illustrates the uneven impact of globalisation?

Which factor can lead to increased local resistance against globalisation?

Globalisation is often criticized for resulting in what?

What does the term 'cultural homogenisation' in the context of globalisation refer to?

Which statement reflects the current understanding of global interconnectivity?

Which of the following is a critical component of the digital economy in relation to globalisation?

Which characteristic distinguishes contemporary globalisation from historical forms?

What is the main characteristic of globalisation?

What can be a negative consequence of globalisation?

Which of the following is an example of cultural globalisation?

What is one major factor that drives economic globalisation?

Which term best describes the flow of people moving across borders for work?

How has globalisation affected India's economic landscape?

What is a common misconception about globalisation?

What role do multinational corporations (MNCs) play in globalisation?

Which term is often used interchangeably with globalisation but has a more specific focus?

What is one way globalisation challenges traditional societies?

Which of the following statements about globalisation is inaccurate?

Which flow describes the exchange of ideas and cultural practices due to globalisation?

The movement of labor from one country to another for economic reasons is defined as:

What measures can be taken to mitigate the negative impacts of globalisation?

What primary change does globalisation bring to state capacity?

How has globalisation altered the welfare state concept?

What is one of the primary functions retained by modern states in the globalised world?

Which of the following reflects a potential political consequence of globalisation?

What role do multinational companies play in the context of globalisation?

What is the effect of enhanced technologies on state capabilities in a globalised context?

What is a common misconception about the effects of globalisation on state power?

What has led to a reduction in government decision-making capacity in the context of globalisation?

Which aspect is NOT affected by the processes of globalisation?

Which of the following statements about state sovereignty post-globalisation is accurate?

In which way does globalisation impact national security?

Which trend illustrates a shift in state functions due to globalisation?

What can be deemed a new priority for states in a globalised world?

Which of the following is a direct effect of globalisation on state welfare policies?

How does the global economy affect state governance?

What does cultural homogenisation refer to?

Which of the following is an example of the 'soft power' of US hegemony?

How does globalization affect cultural preferences?

What is a potential negative cultural consequence of globalization?

Which term describes the influence of global brands on local cultures?

Which factor contributes to the 'McDonaldisation' of cultures?

What impact can globalization have on traditional practices?

What role do multinational corporations (MNCs) play in cultural globalization?

How can local cultures respond to influences of global culture?

What is one effect of globalization on consumer choices?

What challenge does globalization pose to local cultural traditions?

What does the term 'cultural dualism' refer to in the context of globalization?

Why might some local cultures embrace aspects of global culture?

What does 'cultural resistance' in globalization refer to?

Which phenomenon illustrates the idea of cultures mixing due to globalization?

What term describes the phenomenon where cultural interactions lead to distinct cultures rather than uniformity?

Which of the following best describes India's economic strategy post-independence?

What was a major criticism from the left regarding contemporary globalization?

What is one effect of globalization on local cultures?

Which of the following economic sectors was least affected by India's economic reforms of 1991?

What is a feature of anti-globalization movements?

Which of the following reflects a misconception about globalization?

How did globalization affect India's call center industry?

What problem did India's protectionist policies create in the long term?

What is a primary role of international institutions like the IMF in economic globalisation?

Which of the following best describes economic globalisation?

How does economic globalisation typically affect developing countries?

What has been the impact of globalisation on trade restrictions?

Why might developed countries restrict the movement of people across their borders?

Which economic actor is often accused of benefiting disproportionately from globalisation?

Which of the following represents a potential negative consequence of globalisation?

What is the relationship between economic globalisation and local economies?

According to critics, what is a major downside of globalization in terms of wealth distribution?

How can technology enhance state capacity in a globalised economy?

What is typically a consequence of reduced trade barriers?

Economic globalisation has led to which of the following outcomes in policy-making?

What role do international trade agreements play in economic globalisation?

How does economic globalisation impact employment in developed nations?

What is a primary concern of the left critics regarding globalisation?

Which movement aligns against neo-liberal globalisation at a global level?

What main argument do critics of globalisation from the political right often make?

Which of the following best describes the nature of anti-globalisation movements?

Which social movement in India is prominently associated with resistance to the patenting of indigenous plants?

What type of global impact has globalisation had according to critics?

What cultural concerns are associated with resistance to globalisation?

Which of the following is a reason for farmer protests in India related to globalisation?

What aspect of globalisation has been critiqued as a form of imperialism?

Social movements resisting globalisation in India often collaborate internationally. What can this collaboration be described as?

How do protests at WTO gatherings typically reflect resistance to globalisation?

What do many anti-globalisation activists fear about global brands?

What has been a common form of expression in India's resistance to globalisation?

Which form of globalisation is illustrated by the cultural changes in India?

What is a key argument made by those favoring protectionist policies in reaction to globalisation?

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Globalisation Practice Worksheets

Download and practice Globalisation worksheets to improve problem-solving accuracy and speed for CBSE Class 12 Political Science exams.

Globalisation - Practice Worksheet

This worksheet covers essential long-answer questions to help you build confidence in Globalisation from Contemporary World Politics for Class 12 (Political Science).

Practice

Questions

Define globalisation. Discuss its multifaceted nature including economic, political, and cultural dimensions.

Globalisation refers to the interconnectedness of economies, cultures, and political systems worldwide. It facilitates the exchange of goods, services, information, and ideas globally. Economically, it involves the flow of capital and trade across borders, which can lead to wealth generation but may also result in disparities. Politically, globalisation can alter state sovereignty and enhance state capacities by fostering cooperation across nations. Culturally, it may promote cultural homogenisation, where dominant cultures overshadow local traditions, but it can also lead to cultural hybridity where diverse cultures influence each other.

What are the primary causes of globalisation? Explain how technology plays a role in facilitating globalisation.

The primary causes of globalisation include technological advancements, economic policies favoring free trade, and cultural exchanges. Technology, particularly in communication and transportation, has drastically reduced the time it takes for information and goods to traverse the globe. Innovations such as the internet and instant communication facilitate real-time interactions among individuals and businesses worldwide, thus enhancing the global flow of trade and services.

Analyze the impact of globalisation on state sovereignty. Does globalisation weaken the power of the state?

Globalisation challenges traditional notions of state sovereignty as it introduces complexities in governance. States may experience reduced capacity to enforce regulations due to the influence of multinational corporations and international agreements. However, globalisation can also empower states by enhancing their ability to address global issues through cooperation. While certain roles may diminish, states still maintain critical functions like security and law enforcement.

Discuss the economic consequences of globalisation with specific reference to India.

Globalisation has led to increased economic growth in India, marked by reforms beginning in the 1990s that opened markets to foreign investment and trade. This has stimulated sectors like information technology and manufacturing. However, it has also caused economic disparities, with benefits concentrated in urban areas while rural regions often lag behind. The influx of foreign companies raises concerns about local businesses and job security in the domestic market.

Evaluate the cultural consequences of globalisation. How does it affect local traditions in India?

Cultural globalisation often leads to homogenisation, where Western culture predominates and local traditions may risk fading away. In India, this has resulted in Western influence in fashion, food, and entertainment. However, cultural exchange can also result in 'glocalisation,' where local cultures adapt and incorporate foreign elements, thus enriching their own identity rather than losing it entirely.

What social movements have emerged in response to globalisation in India? Discuss their significance.

Social movements in India like the farmers' protests against the entry of MNCs underline resistance to perceived threats posed by globalisation. These movements seek to protect local livelihoods and advocate for sustainable development practices. Their significance lies in raising awareness about the socio-economic inequalities exacerbated by globalisation and advocating for policies that benefit the marginalized.

Describe the role of international institutions (like the IMF and WTO) in the context of globalisation. What criticisms do they face?

International institutions play pivotal roles in regulating global trade and ensuring economic stability. The IMF provides financial assistance and stabilizes economies, while the WTO facilitates trade agreements. However, they face criticism for promoting neoliberal policies that may prioritize corporate interests over local economies, often resulting in adverse impacts on developing countries.

Analyze the arguments for and against globalisation. What are the perceived benefits and drawbacks?

Proponents argue that globalisation fosters economic growth, cultural exchange, and technological innovation, ultimately leading to improved living standards. Critics, however, highlight issues such as increased inequality, loss of jobs in traditional sectors, and threats to national sovereignty and cultural identity. The debate centers around addressing these drawbacks while leveraging the benefits effectively.

Discuss how globalisation is perceived differently by developed and developing countries.

Developed countries may view globalisation as an opportunity for economic integration and innovation, while developing nations often experience it as a pressure to conform to global standards that may not consider local contexts. This leads to disparities in benefits derived from globalisation, with developed nations gaining significantly more compared to their developing counterparts, which may struggle with external dependence and local discontent.

Reflect on the future of globalisation. What trends are emerging, and how might they shape world politics?

Future trends in globalisation include increasing digital interconnectedness, the rise of protectionism, and the push for sustainable practices. As countries grapple with global challenges like climate change, there may be a shift towards cooperative solutions while still navigating national interests. This evolving landscape will likely impact diplomacy, trade agreements, and international relations, emphasizing the need for balanced approaches.

Globalisation - Mastery Worksheet

This worksheet challenges you with deeper, multi-concept long-answer questions from Globalisation to prepare for higher-weightage questions in Class 12.

Mastery

Questions

Discuss how technology has accelerated globalisation and transformed state sovereignty, citing specific examples from India.

Globalisation has been significantly propelled by advancements in communication technologies such as the Internet and mobile phones, which facilitate the rapid flow of information and services across borders. In India, this is evident in the growth of the IT sector, enabling professionals to provide services worldwide. Moreover, the shift from state-centric models towards a more market-driven approach illustrates the erosion of traditional state sovereignty, as multinational corporations gain influence over local economies. For instance, the impact of US tech firms on job creation and young professionals in India showcases this dynamic.

Evaluate the socio-economic consequences of globalisation for developing countries, particularly in the context of India’s economic reforms post-1991.

The economic liberalisation in 1991 led India to integrate with the global economy, significantly boosting GDP growth. However, this has had uneven consequences: while urban areas benefited from increased foreign investments, rural areas have faced challenges, leading to increased disparity. The growth of industries has resulted in urban migration, but local crafts and small businesses have often suffered. For instance, the rise of multinational retail chains has threatened local farmers and small vendors, exemplifying the socio-economic complexities of globalisation.

Analyze the cultural implications of globalisation on Indian society, addressing both cultural homogenisation and heterogenisation.

Globalisation has led to cultural homogenisation, where Western ideals and products dominate Indian markets, evidenced by the popularity of fast food chains and Hollywood films. This has raised concerns over the erosion of traditional values. However, coexistence is also noted in cultural heterogenisation, where local customs adapt and integrate global influences, creating hybrid cultures (e.g., Bollywood music remixes). Hence, globalisation can modify rather than completely overtake indigenous identities.

Compare and contrast the arguments of proponents and critics of globalisation concerning economic inequality.

Proponents argue that globalisation fosters economic growth and provides opportunities for development, claiming it encourages competition and innovation. Critics, however, contend that it exacerbates inequalities both within and between nations, as wealth concentrates in the hands of few, leaving marginalized communities behind. The example of farmers in India facing debts after adopting expensive crops from multinational corporations contrasts these views and illustrates the complex reality of globalisation's impact on economic equity.

Discuss the nature of resistance movements against globalisation in India and their implications for policy-making.

Resistance to globalisation in India has emerged through various forms, including protests by farmers and worker unions, reflecting concerns about economic disparity, cultural erosion, and transition threats. Movements such as the anti-globalisation protests at the WTO signify a collective response to perceived neo-colonial practices. These movements drive policy discussions toward more inclusive frameworks, highlighting the need for safeguarding local interests without hindering economic growth.

Examine the role of multinational corporations (MNCs) in shaping globalisation patterns in India.

MNCs have played a critical role in India's economic liberalisation, bringing investment, technology, and jobs. However, they also lead to dependence on global market trends, which can destabilise local economies. Their influence is visible in sectors such as technology (e.g., Infosys), which has allowed India to become a hub for global IT services. Nevertheless, the prioritization of profits often compromises local welfare, requiring a regulatory framework to balance benefits and local needs.

Assess how globalisation influences state policies, particularly in regard to economic safety nets for vulnerable populations.

Globalisation compels states to adopt policies that encourage foreign investment and economic liberalisation, often at the expense of welfare programs. In India, this has resulted in limited safety nets for vulnerable populations affected by market fluctuations and job losses. Cases of rural farmers facing existential crises highlight the need for robust social safety programs that can withstand global economic pressures and ensure equity.

Analyze the impact of cultural exchanges facilitated by globalisation on traditional Indian customs.

Cultural exchanges have led to the blending of traditional Indian customs with global influences, reshaping practices in cuisine, fashion, and social norms. While some view this as cultural imperialism, others argue it enriches cultural diversity, leading to new forms of artistic expression. The rise in popularity of yoga abroad, juxtaposed with the Westernization of traditional attire, exemplifies the dual impacts of cultural exchange.

Discuss the paradox of globalisation leading to both cooperation and conflict in international relations involving India.

Globalisation fosters interdependence, allowing nations to collaborate on economic and environmental issues. However, it also intensifies competition among nations, particularly concerning trade practices and cultural identities. In the Indian context, participation in international agreements showcases a commitment to collective action. Yet, conflicts like those over agricultural subsidies reveal the tensions that arise from differing national interests within global frameworks.

Globalisation - Challenge Worksheet

The final worksheet presents challenging long-answer questions that test your depth of understanding and exam-readiness for Globalisation in Class 12.

Challenge

Questions

Evaluate the implications of cultural homogenisation on local identities in the age of globalisation.

Consider how cultural homogenisation may dilute local traditions while also possibly leading to cultural exchange. Use examples from various cultures and counterpoints reflecting resistance movements.

Analyze the role of technology in facilitating globalisation and consider its impact on economic disparities.

Discuss both the positive (increased access to information, markets) and negative aspects (exclusion of less technologically advanced nations) of technological advancements in globalisation.

Assess how globalisation affects state sovereignty, using specific examples to highlight both advantages and disadvantages.

Evaluate the arguments for and against the erosion of state power, considering examples from states in different geopolitical contexts.

Critically examine economic globalisation and its implications for developing countries, especially in terms of social safety nets.

Discuss the balance of benefits and drawbacks that economic globalisation presents, citing case studies from developing nations.

Debate the assertion that globalisation has led to increased cultural heterogeneity rather than homogenisation.

Use diverse cultural responses to global elements to argue against the homogenisation narrative, providing real-life examples.

Evaluate the consequences of India's economic liberalisation in 1991 on its global standing and domestic economy.

Assess both the positive outcomes (growth, foreign investment) and negative consequences (inequality, local industry impact) from multiple perspectives.

Analyze the impact of globalisation on social movements in India, particularly in resisting corporate dominance.

Discuss how various social movements have emerged as responses to globalisation and the unique tactics employed by these movements.

Evaluate the environmental implications of globalisation, considering both industrial growth and ecological degradation.

Discuss the dual impacts of increased production and consumption on environmental issues, carefully analyzing trade-offs.

Examine the ethical implications of outsourcing jobs due to globalisation, focusing on both developed and developing countries.

Require a balanced view that acknowledges the benefits to companies and consumers against the cost to workers in both contexts.

Assess the perception of globalisation as a new form of imperialism and explore counterarguments.

Analyze historical contexts of imperialism alongside modern globalisation trends, discussing both views critically.

Globalisation Frequently Asked Questions

Explore the multifaceted concept of globalisation, its causes, and repercussions in India and beyond in Chapter 7 of 'Contemporary World Politics'. Learn about the political, economic, and cultural dimensions of global interconnectedness.

QWhat is globalisation?

Globalisation refers to the process through which businesses and other organizations develop international influence or operate on an international scale. It involves the interconnectedness of economies, cultures, and political systems, creating a flow of ideas, capital, goods, and services across borders.

QWhat are the main causes of globalisation?

The main causes of globalisation include advances in technology, particularly in communication and transportation; the liberalisation of trade policies; the rise of multinational corporations; and the need for businesses to expand market reach and explore new customer bases.

QHow does globalisation impact local economies?

Globalisation can significantly impact local economies by enhancing trade opportunities and attracting foreign investment. However, it can also lead to job losses in traditional sectors, increased competition from foreign businesses, and pressures on local industries to adapt to global market standards.

QWhat are the political consequences of globalisation?

Politically, globalisation can erode state sovereignty by reducing governments' ability to control their own economies and enforce regulations. This often results in a minimalist state that prioritizes market forces over welfare functions, though it can also enhance state capabilities through improved technologies.

QWhat are the cultural implications of globalisation?

Culturally, globalisation can lead to homogenization, where local cultures may adopt foreign influences, often from dominant cultures. However, it can also encourage cultural heterogenization, where distinct identities are strengthened as cultures interact and exchange ideas.

QWhat evidence is there for resistance to globalisation?

Resistance to globalisation can be seen in social movements that advocate for local rights, sustainable practices, and the protection of traditional cultures. In India, protests against multinational corporations and cultural influences exemplify this resistance.

QHow has globalisation affected India?

Globalisation has transformed India's economy by facilitating foreign investments and enhancing trade. However, it has also led to increased disparities in wealth and opportunities, prompting social movements advocating for the rights of marginalized groups affected by economic changes.

QWhat is economic globalisation?

Economic globalisation refers to the increasing economic integration among countries, marked by the flow of goods, services, capital, and labor across borders. Institutions like the IMF and WTO play significant roles in shaping economic policies globally.

QCan globalisation have negative effects?

Yes, globalisation can have negative effects, such as increased economic inequality, cultural erosion, and job losses in local industries. Critics argue that it benefits large corporations at the expense of small businesses and local communities.

QWhat role does technology play in globalisation?

Technology is a crucial enabler of globalisation, facilitating communication, trade, and the movement of capital. Innovations such as the internet and advanced transportation methods have made it easier for people and goods to connect globally.

QWhat is cultural homogenisation?

Cultural homogenisation is the process by which local cultures become similar to a dominant culture, often through the influence of media and consumer products. This can lead to the loss of cultural uniqueness and diversity.

QWhat is cultural heterogenisation?

Cultural heterogenisation refers to the process where cultural exchanges lead to increased diversity, with local cultures adapting and integrating outside influences while retaining distinct characteristics.

QHow do social movements shape resistance to globalisation?

Social movements shape resistance to globalisation by drawing attention to its adverse effects on local communities and advocating for policies that prioritize social justice and cultural preservation.

QWhat is the significance of multinational corporations in globalisation?

Multinational corporations play a significant role in globalisation by expanding markets and driving economic growth. They influence local economies and can also affect cultural dynamics through their global brands.

QHow does globalisation affect local cultures?

Globalisation can enrich local cultures by introducing new ideas and practices; however, it can also threaten traditional values and societal norms as global cultural products proliferate.

QWhat is the impact of globalisation on employment?

Globalisation can create new employment opportunities through foreign investments and expanding markets, but it can also lead to job losses in sectors unable to compete with global competition.

QHow does India resist the effects of globalisation?

India resists globalisation through various social movements and policies aimed at protecting local industries, advocating for workers' rights, and promoting cultural heritage amidst encroaching global influences.

QWhat are the challenges of globalisation in developing countries?

Developing countries face challenges such as economic dependency on developed nations, vulnerability to market fluctuations, and the risk of cultural erosion due to the influence of dominant cultures through globalisation.

QWhat role do international institutions play in globalisation?

International institutions like the IMF and WTO facilitate globalisation by providing frameworks for trade agreements, financial stability, and economic cooperation among countries, influencing national policies.

QHow do ideas flow in the context of globalisation?

Ideas flow across borders in various ways, including cultural exchanges, educational collaborations, and international communication, influencing societies and contributing to global interconnectedness.

QWhat is the debate regarding globalisation and imperialism?

The debate often centers around whether globalisation constitutes a new form of imperialism, with critics arguing that it perpetuates unequal power dynamics, favoring wealthier nations over poorer ones.

QWhat is the relationship between globalisation and identity?

Globalisation influences identity by exposing individuals to diverse cultural practices and ideas, which can either create hybrid identities or challenge traditional notions of self and community.

QWhat are some recent events reflecting globalisation's impact?

Recent events include trade disputes between nations, the global response to the COVID-19 pandemic showcasing interconnected healthcare systems, and the rise of digital platforms that connect consumers across borders.

QHow does resistance to globalisation manifest in protests?

Resistance manifests in protests aimed at opposing global trade policies or cultural impositions deemed harmful by local communities. These movements often advocate for economic equity and cultural preservation.

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Globalisation PDF Downloads

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Globalisation Official Textbook PDF

Download the official NCERT/CBSE textbook PDF for Class 12 Political Science.

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Globalisation Revision Guide

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Globalisation Practice Worksheet

Solve basic and application-based questions from Globalisation.

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Globalisation Mastery Worksheet

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Globalisation Challenge Worksheet

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Globalisation Question Bank

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Globalisation Flashcards

Revise key terms and definitions from Globalisation with interactive flashcards. Quick recall practice for CBSE Class 12 Political Science.

These flash cards cover important concepts from Globalisation in Contemporary World Politics for Class 12 (Political Science).

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What is Globalisation?

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Globalisation refers to the process of increasing interconnectedness among countries through flows of ideas, capital, commodities, and people.

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Causes of Globalisation?

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Globalisation is caused by advancements in technology, international trade policies, and improvements in communications, allowing for rapid movement across borders.

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Define Economic Globalisation.

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Economic Globalisation involves increased economic transactions and interactions across national borders, affecting trade, capital, and jobs.

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Political impact of Globalisation?

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Globalisation can lead to the erosion of state sovereignty as governments may lose control over economic and social policies to multinational corporations.

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What is Cultural Homogenisation?

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Cultural homogenisation refers to the process where local cultures are diminished and replaced by a dominant global culture, often led by Western influences.

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Example of Globalisation - Services.

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Janardhan working in a call centre for overseas clients illustrates the globalisation of services.

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What is Cultural Heterogenisation?

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Cultural heterogenisation is the opposite of homogenisation, where diverse cultures adapt and evolve, enhancing their distinctiveness.

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Impacts of Globalisation on India?

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Globalisation has led to economic reforms in India, increased foreign investment, and greater access to global markets but also challenges such as job insecurity.

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Example of Resistance to Globalisation.

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Anti-globalisation protests during the WTO Ministerial Meeting in Seattle (1999) reflect resistance against perceived unfair trade practices.

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Define 'Soft Power'.

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Soft power is the ability of a country to influence others through cultural or ideological means, rather than through military or economic coercion.

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Impact of Technology on Globalisation?

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Technological advancements have significantly accelerated the flow of information, capital, and people, thus driving globalisation.

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What is the 'Welfare State'?

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A welfare state is a government that provides social security and services to its citizens, which are increasingly challenged by the forces of globalisation.

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Who are Multinational Corporations (MNCs)?

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MNCs are companies that operate in multiple countries, influencing local economies and politics, a key aspect of globalisation.

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Difference between Economic and Cultural Globalisation?

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Economic globalisation focuses on trade and investment flows, while cultural globalisation pertains to the spread of ideas, values, and cultural practices.

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What is 'McDonaldisation'?

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McDonaldisation describes the process by which the principles of fast-food restaurants have come to dominate more sectors of society globally.

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Define 'Social Safety Nets'.

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Social safety nets are programs designed to prevent individuals from falling into poverty during economic transitions, often a concern during globalisation.

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Key concern regarding Globalisation?

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A major concern is that globalisation may benefit a small affluent class while marginalizing the poor and increasing inequality.

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What are the World Social Forum (WSF) aims?

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The WSF aims to discuss alternatives to neoliberal globalisation and provide a platform for diverse anti-globalisation movements.

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What does Globalisation create?

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Globalisation creates worldwide interconnectedness allowing for the exchange of ideas, goods, and cultural practices among nations.

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Importance of Recognizing Interconnections?

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Recognizing interconnections is crucial in understanding the impacts of events, as developments in one region can have global repercussions.

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