Flash Cards: Recent developments in indian politics

Coalition politics involves the collaboration of multiple political parties to form a government, especially when no single party gains a majority.

Mandalisation refers to the implementation of the Mandal Commission's recommendations for job reservations for Other Backward Classes (OBC) in government jobs.

The 1991 reforms initiated a structural adjustment program aimed at liberalizing the Indian economy and promoting market-oriented policies.

The Ram Janmabhoomi movement was a campaign advocating for the construction of a Ram temple at the Ayodhya site, impacting secularism and politics in India.

Rajiv Gandhi was assassinated on May 21, 1991, while campaigning in Tamil Nadu by a Sri Lankan Tamil linked to the LTTE.

Narsimha Rao succeeded Rajiv Gandhi as Prime Minister after his assassination in 1991, leading the Congress party as the single largest party.

Mandalisation increased political representation for OBCs, leading to a more inclusive political landscape reflecting diverse societal interests.

It is a set of economic policies implemented in 1991 aimed at enhancing economic stability and growth through liberalization and privatization.

'Congress System' refers to the dominance of the Congress party in Indian politics, particularly from independence until the end of the 1980s.

The anti-Mandal protests were triggered by the announcement of job reservations for OBCs by the National Front government in 1990.

The Ram Janmabhoomi issue challenged the secular foundation of Indian democracy, as it stirred communal tensions and religious sentiments in politics.

Economic liberalization led to increased foreign investment, growth in the private sector, and changes to the employment landscape, but also sparked protests.

The 1990s were characterized by coalition governments, rise of regional parties, and significant socio-political movements affecting party dynamics.

Regional parties have gained influence and play crucial roles in coalition politics, often swaying national policies and representation.

In the 1991 elections, the Congress party emerged as the single largest party, regaining power after the 1989 defeat.

These developments are controversial due to their complex and often conflicting impacts on social justice, secularism, and party politics.

The long-lasting impacts include changes in party alignment, voter identity, and the introduction of new political issues in public discourse.

The Supreme Court's decision on November 9, 2019, cleared the way for the construction of the Ram Temple, influencing the political narrative around secularism.