Flash Cards: The Amazing World of Solutes, Solvents, and Solutions

A solution is a uniform mixture formed when a solute dissolves in a solvent.

A solute is the substance that is dissolved in a solution, usually present in a smaller amount.

Uniform mixtures (solutions) have evenly distributed components. Non-uniform mixtures have visibly separate parts.

Solubility is the maximum amount of solute that can dissolve in a specific amount of solvent at a given temperature.

A saturated solution can no longer dissolve more solute at a given temperature.

An unsaturated solution can still dissolve more solute at a given temperature.

Density = Mass / Volume

Generally, solubility increases with temperature for most solids.

Yes, gases like oxygen can dissolve in water, but their solubility decreases with increasing temperature.

A concentrated solution contains a large amount of solute, while a dilute solution has a small amount of solute.

Density compared to the liquid: objects less dense than the liquid float, while denser objects sink.

Ice is less dense than liquid water, allowing it to float.

Water can dissolve many substances due to its polarity and hydrogen bonding capabilities.

Use a measuring cylinder; read the bottom of the meniscus at eye level.

Exceeding solubility causes the excess solute to remain undissolved at the bottom.

Assuming that stirring will increase solubility when it has already reached saturation.

Yes, when mixed, the solvent is the liquid present in the larger amount.

Water has been used as a solvent for preparing medicinal formulations for centuries.