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Learn the art of transforming direct speech into indirect speech and vice versa in Hindi with वाच्य परिवर्तन.
वाच्य परिवर्तन - Quick Look Revision Guide
Your 1-page summary of the most exam-relevant takeaways from Vyakaranavithi.
This compact guide covers 20 must-know concepts from वाच्य परिवर्तन aligned with Class X preparation for Sanskrit. Ideal for last-minute revision or daily review.
Complete study summary
Essential formulas, key terms, and important concepts for quick reference and revision.
Key Points
Define कर्तृवाच्य with an example.
कर्तृवाच्य is when the doer (कर्ता) is the main focus in a sentence. The verb agrees with the कर्ता in gender, number, and person. Example: 'राम: गृहं गच्छति' where 'राम' is the कर्ता.
Define कर्मवाच्य with an example.
कर्मवाच्य focuses on the object (कर्म) of the action. The verb agrees with the कर्म. Example: 'रामेण गृहं गम्यते' where 'गृहम्' is the कर्म.
Define भाववाच्य with an example.
भाववाच्य emphasizes the action itself, not the doer or the object. The verb is always in the third person singular. Example: 'मया सुप्यते' where the action of sleeping is highlighted.
कर्तृवाच्य में कर्ता की विभक्ति।
In कर्तृवाच्य, the कर्ता is in प्रथमा विभक्ति (nominative case). Example: 'राम: पठति' where 'राम:' is in प्रथमा.
कर्मवाच्य में कर्ता की विभक्ति।
In कर्मवाच्य, the कर्ता is in तृतीया विभक्ति (instrumental case). Example: 'रामेण पठ्यते' where 'रामेण' is in तृतीया.
भाववाच्य में कर्ता की विभक्ति।
In भाववाच्य, the कर्ता is in तृतीया विभक्ति. Example: 'मया सुप्यते' where 'मया' is in तृतीया.
कर्मवाच्य में कर्म की विभक्ति।
In कर्मवाच्य, the कर्म is in प्रथमा विभक्ति. Example: 'गृहं गम्यते' where 'गृहम्' is in प्रथमा.
कर्तृवाच्य से कर्मवाच्य में परिवर्तन।
To change from कर्तृवाच्य to कर्मवाच्य, the कर्ता moves to तृतीया and the verb changes form. Example: 'राम: पठति' becomes 'रामेण पठ्यते'.
कर्तृवाच्य से भाववाच्य में परिवर्तन।
To change from कर्तृवाच्य to भाववाच्य, the कर्ता moves to तृतीया and the verb changes to third person singular. Example: 'राम: पठति' becomes 'रामेण पठ्यते'.
कर्मवाच्य से कर्तृवाच्य में परिवर्तन।
To change from कर्मवाच्य to कर्तृवाच्य, the कर्ता moves to प्रथमा and the verb changes form. Example: 'रामेण पठ्यते' becomes 'राम: पठति'.
भाववाच्य से कर्तृवाच्य में परिवर्तन।
To change from भाववाच्य to कर्तृवाच्य, the कर्ता moves to प्रथमा and the verb changes form. Example: 'मया सुप्यते' becomes 'अहं सुपामि'.
कर्तृवाच्य में क्रिया का रूप।
In कर्तृवाच्य, the verb is in active voice and agrees with the कर्ता. Example: 'राम: पठति' where 'पठति' agrees with 'राम:'.
कर्मवाच्य में क्रिया का रूप।
In कर्मवाच्य, the verb is in passive voice and agrees with the कर्म. Example: 'रामेण पठ्यते' where 'पठ्यते' agrees with 'गृहम्'.
भाववाच्य में क्रिया का रूप।
In भाववाच्य, the verb is in passive voice and is always in third person singular. Example: 'मया सुप्यते' where 'सुप्यते' is singular.
कर्तृवाच्य के उदाहरण।
Examples of कर्तृवाच्य: 'बालिका पाठं पठति', 'सैनिक: देशं रक्षति'.
कर्मवाच्य के उदाहरण।
Examples of कर्मवाच्य: 'रामेण गृहं गम्यते', 'विद्यार्थिभिः पाठ: पठ्यते'.
भाववाच्य के उदाहरण।
Examples of भाववाच्य: 'मया सुप्यते', 'तव्या आस्यते'.
कर्तृवाच्य और कर्मवाच्य में अंतर।
कर्तृवाच्य focuses on the doer, while कर्मवाच्य focuses on the object. The verb forms and cases of कर्ता and कर्म differ.
कर्मवाच्य और भाववाच्य में अंतर।
कर्मवाच्य focuses on the object, while भाववाच्य focuses on the action. The verb in भाववाच्य is always singular.
वाच्य परिवर्तन के नियम।
Rules for वाच्य परिवर्तन include changing the case of कर्ता and कर्म, and modifying the verb form to match the new वाच्य.
उपसर्ग अध्याय में छात्र उपसर्गों के प्रयोग और उनके अर्थ को समझेंगे, जो शब्दों के पहले जुड़कर उनके अर्थ में परिवर्तन लाते हैं।
अव्यय शब्दों का अध्ययन जो लिंग, वचन और काल के अनुसार नहीं बदलते हैं।
प्रत्यय अध्याय में शब्दों के अंत में जोड़े जाने वाले प्रत्ययों और उनके प्रभावों के बारे में सीखें।
समास परिचय अध्याय में हम समास के मूलभूत सिद्धांतों, प्रकारों और उनके प्रयोग को समझेंगे।
Learn about कारक (case) and विभक्ति (declension) in Hindi grammar to understand the role of nouns in sentences.
