This chapter introduces the concept of nouns (संज्ञा) and their definitions (परिभाषा), essential for understanding Hindi grammar.
संज्ञा एवं परिभाषा प्रकरण - Quick Look Revision Guide
Your 1-page summary of the most exam-relevant takeaways from Vyakaranavithi.
This compact guide covers 20 must-know concepts from संज्ञा एवं परिभाषा प्रकरण aligned with Class X preparation for Sanskrit. Ideal for last-minute revision or daily review.
Complete study summary
Essential formulas, key terms, and important concepts for quick reference and revision.
Key Points
Define संज्ञा with an example.
संज्ञा refers to the rules that govern the formation of words in Sanskrit. For example, in वृक्ष + छाया = वृक्षच्छाया, 'च्' is an आगम.
Explain आगम with an example.
आगम is the insertion of an extra letter between two letters for ease of pronunciation. Example: वृक्ष + छाया becomes वृक्षच्छाया with 'च्' as आगम.
Define आदेश with an example.
आदेश is the replacement of one letter by another. Example: इदम् + अत्र becomes इदमत्र with 'म्' replaced by 'म'.
Explain उपधा with an example.
उपधा is the penultimate letter in a word. In 'महत्', 'ह' is the उपधा before the last letter 'त्'.
Define पद संज्ञा.
पद संज्ञा refers to words that are formed by the combination of सुबन्त and तिङन्त प्रत्यय, like रामः, रामौ, रामाः.
Explain द्वित्व संज्ञा.
द्वित्व संज्ञा involves the doubling of a letter in certain grammatical constructions, enhancing the word's phonetic quality.
Define संयोग with an example.
संयोग is the close proximity of two consonants without a vowel in between. Example: 'महत्त्व' has संयोग between 'ह्' and 'त्'.
Explain संहिता.
संहिता refers to the close joining of letters in pronunciation, leading to sandhi rules. Example: वाक् + ईशः becomes वागीशः.
Define सम्प्रसारण.
सम्प्रसारण is the replacement of a vowel by its corresponding semivowel. Example: 'वच्' becomes 'उच्' in उच्यते.
Explain निष्ठा प्रत्यय.
निष्ठा प्रत्यय are suffixes like 'क्त' and 'क्तवतु' used to form past participles. Example: गत:, गतवान्.
Define विधि संज्ञा.
विधि संज्ञा refers to the rules that dictate the formation of words and sentences in Sanskrit, ensuring grammatical correctness.
Explain अभ्यास कार्यम्.
अभ्यास कार्यम् includes exercises to practice संज्ञा and परिभाषा concepts, like identifying आगम and आदेश in given words.
Define सन्धि with an example.
सन्धि is the combination of two letters leading to a change in pronunciation. Example: 'तत् + अस्ति' becomes 'तदस्ति'.
Explain गुण सन्धि.
गुण सन्धि occurs when अ or आ is followed by इ or ई, resulting in ए. Example: 'देव + इच्छा' becomes 'देवेच्छा'.
Define वृद्धि सन्धि.
वृद्धि सन्धि happens when अ or आ is followed by ए or ऐ, resulting in ऐ. Example: 'महा + ऐश्वर्य' becomes 'महैश्वर्य'.
Explain यण सन्धि.
यण सन्धि is the transformation of इ, उ, ऋ into य, व, र when followed by a different vowel. Example: 'इति + आदि' becomes 'इत्यादि'.
Define दीर्घ सन्धि.
दीर्घ सन्धि occurs when similar vowels merge into a long vowel. Example: 'राम + आगच्छति' becomes 'रामागच्छति'.
Explain अयादि सन्धि.
अयादि सन्धि involves the replacement of इ or उ with य or व before a dissimilar vowel. Example: 'वधू + आगच्छति' becomes 'वध्वागच्छति'.
Define विसर्ग सन्धि.
विसर्ग सन्धि deals with changes when विसर्ग (ः) is followed by certain letters. Example: 'मनः + तापः' becomes 'मनस्तापः'.
Explain लोप सन्धि.
लोप सन्धि involves the elision of a letter for ease of pronunciation. Example: 'तत् + च' becomes 'तच्च' with the elision of 'त्'.
वर्ण विचार अध्याय में हिंदी भाषा के वर्णों, उनके प्रकार, और उच्चारण के बारे में जानकारी दी गई है।
सन्धि अध्याय में दो वर्णों के मेल से होने वाले परिवर्तनों का अध्ययन किया जाता है।
शब्दरूप सामान्य परिचय अध्याय में शब्दों के विभिन्न रूपों और उनके प्रयोग का सामान्य ज्ञान प्रदान किया जाता है।
धातुरूप सामान्य परिचय अध्याय में संस्कृत भाषा के धातुओं के रूपों का सामान्य परिचय और उनके प्रयोग की मूल बातें सीखाई जाती हैं।
